استخدام الشالسل الزمنية يف التنبؤ بأعداد الطلبة للدراسات العليا يف جامعة أم القرى

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Transcription:

اململكة العربية السعودية وزارة التعليم العالي جامعة أم القرى كلية الرتبية/قسم علم النفس ختصص احصاء وحبوث استخدام الشالسل الزمنية يف التنبؤ بأعداد الطلبة للدراسات العليا يف جامعة أم القرى إعداد الطالب علي حمسن أمحد الصاملي إشراف األستاذ الدكتور ربيع سعيد طه متطلب تكميلي لهيل درجة املاجستري يف علم الهفس ختصص إحصاء وحبوث الفصل الدراسي الثاني للعام الدراسي 3657 ه- 4136 م

الدراسة مستخلص ) أ)

Abstract Title of the Study used time-series to forecast the number of students applying for postgraduate studies at Umm Al-Qura University. the study aims at building a model of public trend for the number of male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) at Umm Al-Qura University Using the style of time- series for the next ten years analysis (1434 H- 1444 H.), and The researcher used the descriptive developing approach and the following questions were discussed, What are the forecasting values of time-series for the numbers of male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) during the next ten years? Are there statistical significant differences between the average of directional values of time- series of the numbers of male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) at Umm Al-Qura University due to the difference of statistical methods used? Are there any regular(cyclical variation ) changes and irregular variation ( casual ) of time-series of the numbers of male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) at Umm Al-Qura University? The most important findings of the study is Getting the average of forecasting values for the next ten years (1434 H.- 1444 H.) and the number of students ranged from male students (1267) and female students (1368). The study proved that there weren't any statistical differences between the averages of time series of the male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) at Umm Al-Qura University for the next ten years (1434 H.- 1444 H.) are due to the difference of statistical methods. The trend averages suggest a continuous increase in all forecasting values of male and female students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ) at Umm Al-Qura University. The study assured that there are regular and irregular variations or both of them and they are not stable and differ according to increase or decrease from time to time. The study recommended that Researchers can use any of the four methods to analyze the time-series and it's preferable to use the small squares because it depends on statistical averages and has developed computer programs which makes it easier to use it. as well as urging the responsible authorities to develop appropriate plans to accommodate the expected increase in the number of male and female students. The most prominent suggestions of the study were Teaching a curriculum of time series at the College of Education at Umm Al-Qura University for students of post graduate studies ( Master degree ). Making similar studies of time series of the numbers of students of Doctorate. Making similar studies in other governmental universities in the kingdom. Making similar studies using Box -Genkins method and comparing the findings together. ) ب)

اإلهداء ) ج)

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املالحق قائنة ) ك)

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مجموع متوسطات الفصول عدد الفصول ١٠٠* مشاھدات الظاھرة المتوسط العام ١٠٠* مشاھدات الظاھرة الدلیل الموسمي )28)

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1200 شكل ) ٢ ): الا عمدة البیانیة لسلسلة أعداد طلاب الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنمة ١٤١٤ ھ - ١٤٣٤ ھ 1000 800 أعداد الطلاب 600 400 200 0 ١٤١٤ ١٤١٥ ١٤١٦ ١٤١٧ ١٤١٨ ١٤١٩ ١٤٢٠ ١٤٢١ ١٤٢٢ ١٤٢٣ ١٤٢٤ ١٤٢٥ السنوات ١٤٢٦ ١٤٢٧ ١٤٢٨ ١٤٢٩ ١٤٣٠ ١٤٣١ ١٤٣٢ ١٤٣٣ ١٤٣٤ )44)

1200 شكل ) ٣ ): الرسم الا نتشاري لسلسلة أعداد طلاب الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنیة ١٤١٤ ھ - ١٤٣٤ ھ 1000 800 600 أعداد الطلاب 400 200 0 1410 1415 1420 1425 1430 1435 السنوات )45)

أعداد الطالب 1000 750 y = 36.61 + 48.26 * x R- Square = 0.95 Linear Regression 500 250 0 0 5 10 15 20 السنوات )46)

)47) b A Y = a + b x Y = + x. X X 1414 9 0 37 1435 21 1050 1415 11 1 85 1436 22 1098 1416 38 2 133 1437 23 1147 1417 126 3 181 1438 24 1195 1418 198 4 230 1439 25 1243 1419 350 5 278 1440 26 1291 1420 429 6 326 1441 27 1340 1421 424 7 374 1442 28 1388 1422 452 8 423 1443 29 1436 1423 466 9 471 1444 30 1484 1424 509 10 519 1425 653 11 567 1426 727 12 616 1427 753 13 664 1428 695 14 712 1429 757 15 760 1430 796 16 809 1431 838 17 857 1432 818 18 905 1433 827 19 954 1434 1027 20 1002

a b )48)

)49) Y= a + b x, Y= + x. X X 1414 9-11 31 1435 31 1058 1415 11-9 80 1436 33 1107 1416 38-7 129 1437 35 1156 1417 126-5 178 1438 37 1205 1418 198-3 227 1439 39 1253 1419 350-1 276 1440 41 1302 1420 429 1 325 1441 43 1351 1421 424 3 374 1442 45 1400 1422 452 5 423 1443 47 1449 1423 466 7 471 1444 49 1498 1424 509 9 520 1425 653 11 569 1426 727 13 618 1427 753 15 667 1428 695 17 716 1429 757 19 765 1430 796 21 814 1431 838 23 862 1432 818 25 911 1433 827 27 960 1434 1027 29 1009

)51) a =Σy/n =, b = Σxy/Σx 2 = x Y=, Y = a + b x (y) X X 2 X*Y X 1414 9-10 44 1435 11 1050 1415 11-9 58 19.33 81-174 92 1436 12 1098 1416 38-8 175 58.33 64-467 139 1437 13 1146 1417 126-7 362 120.67 49-845 187 1438 14 1194 1418 198-6 674 224.67 36-1348 235 1439 15 1242 1419 350-5 977 325.67 25-1628 283 1440 16 1289 1420 429-4 1203 401 16-1604 331 1441 17 1337 1421 424-3 1305 435 9-1305 379 1442 18 1385 1422 452-2 1342 447.33 4-895 427 1443 19 1433 1423 466-1 1427 475.67 1-476 475 1444 20 1481 1424 509 0 1628 542.67 0 0 523 1425 653 1 1889 629.67 1 630 571 1426 727 2 2133 711 4 1422 619 1427 753 3 2175 725 9 2175 667 1428 695 4 2205 735 16 2940 714 1429 757 5 2248 749.33 25 3747 762 1430 796 6 2391 797 36 4782 810 1431 838 7 2452 817.33 49 5721 858 1432 818 8 2483 827.67 64 6621 906 1433 827 9 2672 890.67 81 8016 954 1434 1027 10 1002

a = y b xy = 2 x a =, b= Y = a + b x, Y = + x. X X*Y X 2 X (y) 1050 1098 1147 1195 1243 1291 1340 1388 1436 1484 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 37 85 133 181 230 278 326 374 423 471 519 567-90 -99-304 -882-1188 -1750-1716 -1272-904 -466 0 653 100 81 64 49 36 25 16 9 4 1 0 1-10 -9-8 -7-6 -5-4 -3-2 -1 0 1 9 11 38 126 198 350 429 424 452 466 509 653 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 )51)

)52) (y) X X 2 X*Y X 1426 727 2 4 1454 616 1427 753 3 9 2259 664 1428 695 4 16 2780 712 1429 757 5 25 3785 760 1430 796 6 36 4776 809 1431 838 7 49 5866 857 1432 818 8 64 6544 905 1433 827 9 81 7443 954 1434 1027 10 100 10270 1002

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شكل ) :(٥ الا عمدة البیانیة لسلسلة أعداد طالبات الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنمة ١٤١٤ ھ- ١٤٣٤ 1200 1000 800 االطالبات أعداد 600 400 200 0 السلوات )54)

1200 شكل (٦): الرسم الا نتشاري لسلسلة أعداد طالبات الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنمة ١٤١٤ ھ - ١٤٣٤ ھ 1000 800 600 أعداد الطالبات 400 200 0 1410 1415 1420 1425 السنوات 1430 1435 )55)

)56)

طالبات 1000 طالبات = 16.79- + 84.75 * سنوا ت R- Square = 0.96 Linear Regression 750 500 250 0 0 5 10 15 20 سنوات b A Y = a + b x Y= - + x X X 1109 1167 1224 1282 1339 1397 21 22 23 24 25 26 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 98 40 17 75 132 190 0 1 2 3 4 5 3 6 14 50 85 166 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 )57)

)58) X X 1420 209 6 247 1441 27 1454 1421 201 7 305 1442 28 1512 1422 274 8 362 1443 29 1569 1423 379 9 420 1444 30 1627 1424 412 10 477 1425 588 11 535 1426 661 12 592 1427 759 13 650 1428 812 14 707 1429 893 15 765 1430 745 16 822 1431 892 17 879 1432 946 18 937 1433 924 19 994 1434 1001 20 1052

)59) a b x Y= Y= a + bx, X X 1414 3-11 -174 1435 31 1175 1415 6-9 -110 1436 33 1240 1416 14-7 -45 1437 35 1304 1417 50-5 19 1438 37 1368 1418 85-3 83 1439 39 1432 1419 166-1 147 1440 41 1497 1420 209 1 212 1441 43 1561 1421 201 3 276 1442 45 1625 1422 274 5 340 1443 47 1689 1423 379 7 404 1444 49 1754 1424 412 9 469 1425 588 11 533 1426 661 13 597 1427 759 15 661 1428 812 17 726

X 790 854 918 983 1047 1111 X 19 21 23 25 27 29 893 745 892 946 924 1001 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 a =Σy/n =, b = Σxy/Σx 2 = Y = a + b x, Y = + x. )61)

)61) (y) X X 2 X*Y X 1414 3-10 -124 1435 11 1136 1415 6-9 23 7.67 81-69 -64 1436 12 1196 1416 14-8 70 23.33 64-187 -4 1437 13 1256 1417 50-7 149 49.67 49-348 56 1438 14 1316 1418 85-6 301 100.33 36-602 116 1439 15 1376 1419 166-5 460 153.33 25-767 176 1440 16 1436 1420 209-4 576 192 16-768 236 1441 17 1496 1421 201-3 684 228 9-684 296 1442 18 1556 1422 274-2 854 284.67 4-569 356 1443 19 1616 1423 379-1 1065 355 1-355 416 1444 20 1676 1424 412 0 1379 459.67 0 0 476 1425 588 1 1661 553.67 1 554 536 1426 661 2 2008 669.33 4 1339 596 1427 759 3 2232 744 9 2232 656 1428 812 4 2464 821.33 16 3285 716 1429 893 5 2450 816.67 25 4083 776 1430 745 6 2530 843.33 36 5060 836 1431 892 7 2583 861 49 6027 896 1432 946 8 2762 920.67 64 7365 956 1433 924 9 2871 957 81 8613 1016 1434 1001 10 1076 = 2 x xy b y a = a =, b = x Y= Y=a + bx,

)62) (y) X X 2 X*Y X 1414 3-10 100-30 -98 1435 11 1109 1415 6-9 81-54 -40 1436 12 1167 1416 14-8 64-112 17 1437 13 1224 1417 50-7 49-350 75 1438 14 1282 1418 85-6 36-510 132 1439 15 1339 1419 166-5 25-830 190 1440 16 1397 1420 209-4 16-836 247 1441 17 1454 1421 201-3 9-603 305 1442 18 1512 1422 274-2 4-548 362 1443 19 1569 1423 379-1 1-379 420 1444 20 1627 1424 412 0 0 0 477 1425 588 1 1 588 535 1426 661 2 4 1322 592 1427 759 3 9 2277 650 1428 812 4 16 3248 707 1429 893 5 25 4465 765 1430 745 6 36 4470 822 1431 892 7 49 6244 879 1432 946 8 64 7568 937 1433 924 9 81 8316 994 1434 1001 10 100 10010 1052

)63)

12 17 52 176 283 516 638 625 726 845 921 1241 1388 1512 1507 1650 1541 1730 1764 1751 2028 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 )64)

شكل ) :(٨ الا عمدة البیانیة لسلسلة أعداد طلاب/طالبات الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنمة ١٤١٤ ھ- ١٤٣٤ 2500 2000 1500 الطلاب/ أعداد االطالبات 1000 500 0 السلوات )65)

2500 شكل ) ٩ ): الرسم الا نتشاري لسلسلة أعداد طلاب/طالبات الدراسات العلیا بجامعة أم القرى خلال الفترة الزمنمة ١٤١٤ ھ - ١٤٣٤ ھ 2000 1500 1000 أعداد الطلاب/الطالبات 500 0 1410 1415 1420 1425 1430 1435 السنوات )66)

)67)

كلي 2000 1500 كلي = 00.16- + 37.501 * سنوا ت R- Square = 0.98 Linear Regression 1000 500 0 0 5 10 15 20 سنوات b A Y = a + b x Y = + x )68)

)69) X X 1414 12 0 61 1435 21 2159 1415 17 1 45 1436 22 2265 1416 52 2 150 1437 23 2371 1417 176 3 256 1438 24 2477 1418 283 4 362 1439 25 2582 1419 516 5 468 1440 26 2688 1420 638 6 573 1441 27 2794 1421 625 7 679 1442 28 2900 1422 726 8 785 1443 29 3005 1423 845 9 891 1444 30 3111 1424 921 10 996 1425 1241 11 1102 1426 1388 12 1208 1427 1512 13 1314 1428 1507 14 1419 1429 1650 15 1525 1430 1541 16 1631 1431 1730 17 1736 1432 1764 18 1842 1433 1751 19 1948 1434 2028 20 2054

a b Y = a + b x Y = + x )71)

)71) X X 1414 12-11 -142 1435 31 2233 1415 17-9 -29 1436 33 2347 1416 52-7 84 1437 35 2460 1417 176-5 197 1438 37 2573 1418 283-3 310 1439 39 2686 1419 516-1 423 1440 41 2799 1420 638 1 536 1441 43 2912 1421 625 3 650 1442 45 3025 1422 726 5 763 1443 47 3138 1423 845 7 876 1444 49 3252 1424 921 9 989 1425 1241 11 1102 1426 1388 13 1215 1427 1512 15 1328 1428 1507 17 1442 1429 1650 19 1555 1430 1541 21 1668 1431 1730 23 1781 1432 1764 25 1894 1433 1751 27 2007 1434 2028 29 2120

a =Σy/n =, b = Σxy/Σx 2 = Y = a + b x, Y = + x. X X*Y X 2 X (y) 2186 2294 2402 2510 2618 2726 2834 2941 3049 3157 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444-81 27 135 243 351 459 567 675 783 891 999 1107 1214 1322 1430 1538 1646 1754 1862 1970 2078-243 -653-1192 -1950-2395 -2372-1989 -1464-831 0 1183 2761 4407 6225 7830 9842 11748 13987 16629 81 64 49 36 25 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 27 81.67 170.33 325 479 593 663 732 830.67 1002.33 1183.33 1380.33 1469 1556.33 1566 1640.33 1678.33 1748.33 1847.67 81 245 511 975 1437 1779 1989 2196 2492 3007 3550 4141 4407 4669 4698 4921 5035 5245 5543-10 -9-8 -7-6 -5-4 -3-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 17 52 176 283 516 638 625 726 845 921 1241 1388 1512 1507 1650 1541 1730 1764 1751 2028 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 )72)

)73) b =, a = x Y= Y = a+ b x, (y) X X 2 X*Y X 1414 12-10 100-120 -61 1435 11 2159 1415 17-9 81-153 45 1436 12 2265 1416 52-8 64-416 150 1437 13 2371 1417 176-7 49-1232 256 1438 14 2477 1418 283-6 36-1698 362 1439 15 2582 1419 516-5 25-2580 468 1440 16 2688 1420 638-4 16-2552 573 1441 17 2794 1421 625-3 9-1875 679 1442 18 2900 1422 726-2 4-1452 785 1443 19 3005 1423 845-1 1-845 891 1444 20 3111 1424 921 0 0 0 996 1425 1241 1 1 1241 1102 1426 1388 2 4 2776 1208 1427 1512 3 9 4536 1314 1428 1507 4 16 6028 1419 1429 1650 5 25 8250 1525 1430 1541 6 36 9246 1631 1431 1730 7 49 12110 1736 1432 1764 8 64 14112 1842 1433 1751 9 81 15759 1948 1434 2028 10 100 20280 2054

)74)

)75) 1435 1050 1058 1050 1050 1436 1098 1107 1098 1098 1437 1147 1156 1146 1147 1438 1195 1205 1194 1195 1439 1243 1253 1242 1243 1440 1291 1302 1289 1291 1441 1340 1351 1337 1340 1442 1388 1400 1385 1388 1443 1436 1449 1433 1436 1444 1484 1498 1481 1484 1267 1278 1266 1267 146 148 145 146

1109 1136 1175 1109 1435 1167 1196 1240 1167 1436 1224 1256 1304 1224 1437 1282 1316 1368 1282 1438 1339 1376 1432 1339 1439 1397 1436 1497 1397 1440 1454 1496 1561 1454 1441 )76)

1512 1556 1625 1512 1442 1569 1616 1689 1569 1443 1627 1676 1754 1627 1444 1368 1406 1465 1368 174 182 195 174 )77)

)78) 1435 2159 2233 2186 2159 1436 2265 2347 2294 2265 1437 2371 2460 2402 2371 1438 2477 2573 2510 2477 1439 2582 2686 2618 2582 1440 2688 2799 2726 2688 1441 2794 2912 2834 2794 1442 2900 3025 2941 2900 1443 3005 3138 3049 3005 1444 3111 3252 3157 3111 2635 2743 2672 2635 320 343 327 320

)79)

)81) تاونسلا (y)بلاطلا میقلا ةیھاجتلاا ( % ) تاریتا تلا ةیي اجفلاو ةیرودلا ةیرودلا ةیي اجفلا 1414 9 37-75.41 1415 11 85-87.04-77.97 1.12 1416 38 133-71.45-63.01 1.13 1417 126 181-30.53-38.59 0.79 1418 198 230-13.78-6.12 2.25 1419 350 278 25.95 14.57 1.78 1420 429 326 31.53 23.57 1.34 1421 424 374 13.24 17.24 0.77 1422 452 423 6.94 6.38 1.09 1423 466 471-1.05 1.31-0.80 1424 509 519-1.96 4.02-0.49 1425 653 567 15.08 10.40 1.45 1426 727 616 18.08 15.52 1.16 1427 753 664 13.41 9.69 1.38 1428 695 712-2.42 3.51-0.69 1429 757 760-0.46-1.48 0.31 1430 796 809-1.58-1.42 1.11 1431 838 857-2.22-4.48 0.50 1432 818 905-9.64-8.37 1.15 1433 827 954-13.27-6.80 1.95 1434 1027 1002 2.52

)81) تاونسلا (y)بلاطلا میقلا ةیھاجتلاا ( % ) تاریتا تلا ةیي اجفلاو ةیرودلا ةیرودلا ةیي اجفلا 1414 3-98 -103.07 1415 6-40 -114.95-79.10 1.45 1416 14 17-19.26-55.79 0.35 1417 50 75-33.17-29.39 1.13 1418 85 132-35.75-27.15 1.32 1419 166 190-12.52-21.25 0.59 1420 209 247-15.47-20.68 0.75 1421 201 305-34.04-24.62 1.38 1422 274 362-24.35-22.69 1.07 1423 379 420-9.69-15.90 0.61 1424 412 477-13.65-4.45 3.07 1425 588 535 9.99 2.66 3.76 1426 661 592 11.64 12.82 0.91 1427 759 650 16.85 14.44 1.17 1428 812 707 14.84 16.17 0.92 1429 893 765 16.81 7.43 2.26 1430 745 822-9.37 2.95-3.17 1431 892 879 1.42-2.33-0.61 1432 946 937 0.97-1.56-0.62 1433 924 994-7.08-3.65 1.94 1434 1001 1052-4.84

)82) تاونسلا (y)تابلاط/بلاط میقلا ةیھاجتلاا ( % ) تاریتا تلا ةیي اجفلاو ةیرودلا ةیرودلا ةیي اجفلا 1414 12-61 -119.67 1415 17 45-61.99-82.37 0.75 1416 52 150-65.44-52.91 1.24 1417 176 256-31.30-39.52 0.79 1418 283 362-21.81-14.26 1.53 1419 516 468 10.34-0.07-150.32 1420 638 573 11.27 4.54 2.48 1421 625 679-7.97-1.40 5.69 1422 726 785-7.50-6.86 1.09 1423 845 891-5.12-6.73 0.76 1424 921 996-7.56-0.02 304.14 1425 1241 1102 12.61 6.66 1.89 1426 1388 1208 14.92 14.21 1.05 1427 1512 1314 15.11 12.07 1.25 1428 1507 1419 6.18 9.83 0.63 1429 1650 1525 8.20 2.96 2.77 1430 1541 1631-5.50 0.77-7.11 1431 1730 1736-0.37-3.37 0.11 1432 1764 1842-4.25-4.91 0.86 1433 1751 1948-10.11-5.20 1.94 1434 2028 2054-1.25

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املالحق )96)

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